1 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'fostering' in the phrase '...fostering a better and more sustainable future.'?
1 : ignoring
2 : Promoting
3 : Delaying
4 : Suppressing
2 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'sustainable' in the phrase '...a better and more sustainable future.'?
1 : Temporary
2 : Enduring
3 : Fragile
4 : Excessive
3 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'Compounding' in the phrase 'Compounding these challenges is the country's limited resources...'?
1 : Lessening
2 : Ignoring
3 : Aggravating
4 : Hiding
4 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'mitigate' in the phrase '...its ability to effectively mitigate and adapt to climate change.'?
1 : Increase
2 : Strengthen
3 : Lessen
4 : Repeat
5 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'hinder' in the phrase '...which hinder its ability to effectively mitigate...'?
1 : Assist
2 : Encourage
3 : Obstruct
4 : Approve
6 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'diverse' in the phrase '...due to its diverse geography, which includes high mountain ranges...'?
1 : Identical
2 : Uniform
3 : Varied
4 : Simple
7 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'susceptible' in the phrase '...a country that is highly susceptible to the impacts of global warming.'?
1 : Immune
2 : Vulnerable
3 : Strong
4 : Secure
8 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'extensive' in the phrase '...and an extensive coastline.'?
1 : Limited
2 : Expansive
3 : Narrow
4 : Local
9 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'exceeding' in the phrase 'Finally, with a population exceeding million....'?
1 : Below
2 : Matching
3 : Surpassing
4 : Restricting
10 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'diversity' in the phrase '...geographical diversity and rapid urbanization...'?
1 : Uniformity
2 : Isolation
3 : Variety
4 : Repetition
11 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'pressure' in the phrase '...immense pressure on its resources and infrastructure...'?
1 : Relaxation
2 : Strain
3 : Control
4 : Comfort
12 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'vulnerability' in the phrase 'Pakistan's vulnerability is largely due to its diverse geography...'?
1 : Resilience
2 : Weakness
3 : Aggression
4 : Strength
13 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'urbanization' in the phrase '...and rapid urbanization'?
1 : Industrial decay
2 : City expansion
3 : Rural shift
4 : Cultural loss
14 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'immense' in the phrase 'Pakistan faces immense pressure...'?
1 : Small
2 : Manageable
3 : Colossal
4 : Ordinary
15 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'relevant' in the phrase '...Climate Action is particularly relevant for Pakistan...'?
1 : Random
2 : Unrelated
3 : Pertinent
4 : Minor
16 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'heatwaves' in the phrase '...such as heatwaves and flooding.'?
1 : Cold fronts
2 : Thermal extremes
3 : Snowfalls
4 : Sandstorms
17 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'inadequate' in the phrase '...coupled with inadequate infrastructure, further increases the risk...'?
1 : Abundant
2 : Deficient
3 : Sufficient
4 : Effective
18 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'prone' in the phrase '...makes the country particularly prone to a wide range of climate-related risks...'?
1 : Unlikely
2 : Resistant
3 : Inclined
4 : Inactive
19 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'intense' in the phrase '...more frequent and intense heatwaves...'?
1 : Mild
2 : Brief
3 : Severe
4 : Calm
20 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'adapt' in the phrase '...and adapt to climate change.'?
1 : Resist
2 : Adjust
3 : Refuse
4 : Escape
21 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'infrastructure' in the phrase '...has outpaced infrastructure development...'?
1 : Decoration
2 : Framework
3 : Surface
4 : Trend
22 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'densely' in the phrase '...where densely built-up areas...'?
1 : Loosely
2 : Sparsely
3 : Compactly
4 : Randomly
23 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'emissions' in the phrase '...due to increased global greenhouse gas emissions...'?
1 : Discharges
2 : Rainfall
3 : Minerals
4 : Resources
24 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'disasters' in the phrase '...risk of climate-induced disasters such as heatwaves and flooding.'?
1 : Benefits
2 : Catastrophes
3 : Holidays
4 : Agreements
25 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'frequent' in the phrase '...more frequent and intense heatwaves...'?
1 : Rare
2 : Sudden
3 : Repeated
4 : Unexpected
26 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'atmosphere' in the phrase '...in the Earth's atmosphere....'?
1 : Soil
2 : Climate
3 : Ocean
4 : Core
27 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'glaciers' in the phrase 'Pakistan’s glaciers...'?
1 : Mountains
2 : Ice masses
3 : Rivers
4 : Lakes
28 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'retain' in the phrase 'Areas retain more Heat.'?
1 : Reject
2 : Reflect
3 : Keep
4 : Remove
29 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'poses' in the phrase 'heat poses severe health risks...'?
1 : Ignores
2 : Avoids
3 : Presents
4 : Postpones
30 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'evidenced' in the phrase '...as evidenced by the heatwave in Karachi...'?
1 : Denied
2 : Proven
3 : Hidden
4 : Questioned
31 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'resulted in' in the phrase 'which resulted in over 1,200 deaths...'?
1 : Prevented
2 : Led to
3 : Stopped
4 : Delayed
32 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'primary' in the phrase 'The primary cause of these heatwaves...'?
1 : Secondary
2 : Trivial
3 : Main/Fundamental
4 : Uncertain
33 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'enhanced' in the phrase '...due to enhanced greenhouse effect...'?
1 : Reduced
2 : Suppressed
3 : Increased
4 : Hidden
34 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'vulnerable' in the phrase '...making the country vulnerable to shifts in water availability.'?
1 : Secure
2 : Exposed
3 : Resistant
4 : Unreachable
35 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'combat' in the phrase '...to combat these challenges...'?
1 : Ignore
2 : Tackle
3 : Accept
4 : Join
36 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'align' in the phrase '...efforts to align with SDG 13.'?
1 : Resist
2 : Oppose
3 : Adjust/Conform
4 : Confuse
37 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'effects' in the phrase 'The effects of global warming extend...'?
1 : Causes
2 : Consequences
3 : Solutions
4 : Choices
38 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'extend' in the phrase '...warming extend beyond urban heatwaves...'?
1 : Limit
2 : Shrink
3 : Expand
4 : Disappear
39 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'crucial' in the phrase 'These glaciers, crucial for feeding the Indus River...'?
1 : Optional
2 : Uncertain
3 : Essential
4 : Harmful
40 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'accelerated' in the phrase '...are melting at an accelerated rate...'?
1 : Slowed
2 : Delayed
3 : Rapid
4 : Stopped
41 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'availability' in the phrase '...results in reduced water availability...'?
1 : Rarity
2 : Supply
3 : Distance
4 : Demand
42 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'threatening' in the phrase '...threatening agriculture and drinking water supplies...'?
1 : Supporting
2 : Predicting
3 : Endangering
4 : Avoiding
43 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'acute' in the phrase 'This problem is particularly acute in Pakistan...'?
1 : Mild
2 : Long
3 : Severe
4 : Boring
44 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'dependent' in the phrase '...agriculture is heavily dependent on the Indus River...'?
1 : Separate
2 : Independent
3 : Reliant
4 : Ignorant
45 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'melted' in the phrase '...glaciers has already melted...'?
1 : Frozen
2 : Evaporated
3 : Liquefied
4 : Hardened
46 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'reduced' in the phrase '...leading to reduced river flows...'?
1 : Increased
2 : Decreased
3 : Maintained
4 : Enlarged
47 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'shrink' in the phrase '...causing glaciers to shrink...'?
1 : Grow
2 : Diminish
3 : Melt
4 : Expand
48 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'implemented' in the phrase 'Pakistan has implemented the GLOF project...'?
1 : Ignored
2 : Cancelled
3 : Enforced
4 : Rejected
49 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'regenerate' in the phrase '...faster than they can regenerate...'?
1 : Erase
2 : Destroy
3 : Renew
4 : Collapse
50 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'protective' in the phrase '...constructing protective infrastructure...'?
1 : Dangerous
2 : Defensive
3 : Offensive
4 : Passive
51 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'infrastructure' in the phrase '...infrastructure to mitigate the risks...'?
1 : Decorations
2 : Framework
3 : Population
4 : Economy
52 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'mitigate' in the phrase '...to mitigate the risks...'?
1 : Increase
2 : Ignore
3 : Lessen
4 : Postpone
53 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'associated' in the phrase '...associated with glacial melt.'?
1 : Disconnected
2 : Linked
3 : Rejected
4 : Avoided
54 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'Frequency' in the phrase 'Increased Frequency of Extreme Weather Events...'?
1 : Randomness
2 : Repetition
3 : Slowness
4 : Pause
55 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'intensify' in the phrase '...effects of global warming intensify...'?
1 : Calm
2 : Reduce
3 : Escalate
4 : Prevent
56 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'inland' in the phrase '...impact on Pakistan is not limited to inland areas...'?
1 : Near the sea
2 : Underground
3 : Depleting
4 : Interior
57 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'promoting' in the phrase 'Pakistan is promoting Climate-Smart Agriculture...'?
1 : Discouraging
2 : Advertising
3 : Encouraging
4 : Withholding
58 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'witnessing' in the phrase 'Pakistan is also witnessing an increase...'?
1 : Denying
2 : Observing
3 : Imagining
4 : Ignoring
59 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'cyclones' in the phrase '...such as floods, droughts, and cyclones...'?
1 : Snowfall
2 : Hurricanes
3 : Earthquakes
4 : Avalanches
60 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'susceptible' in the phrase '...makes the country particularly susceptible...'?
1 : Resistant
2 : Immune
3 : Vulnerable
4 : Guarded
61 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'disrupted' in the phrase '...has disrupted weather patterns globally...'?
1 : Continued
2 : Strengthened
3 : Disturbed
4 : Ignored
62 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'prolonged' in the phrase '...more intense rainfall and prolonged dry periods...'?
1 : Brief
2 : Extended
3 : Postponed
4 : Halved
63 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'estimated' in the phrase '...economic losses estimated at $10 billion....'?
1 : Ignored
2 : Reduced
3 : Calculated
4 : Denied
64 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'atmospheric' in the phrase '...changes in atmospheric conditions...'?
1 : Biological
2 : Underground
3 : Climatic
4 : Technological
65 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'commitment' in the phrase '...as part of its commitment to SDG 13...'?
1 : Ignorance
2 : Dedication
3 : Payment
4 : Enforcement
66 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'yields' in the phrase 'Wheat yields, for example...'?
1 : Costs
2 : Production
3 : Imports
4 : Storage
67 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'variations' in the phrase '...climate variations...'?
1 : Similarities
2 : Changes
3 : Inventions
4 : Constants
68 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'invasion' in the phrase '...the 2020 locust invasion...'?
1 : Fertilizer application
2 : Storm
3 : Attack
4 : Rainfall
69 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'optimizing' in the phrase '...optimizing water use...'?
1 : Minimizing
2 : Enhancing
3 : Wasting
4 : Ignoring
70 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'enhances' in the phrase 'This framework enhances disaster preparedness.'?
1 : Limits
2 : Reduces
3 : Increases
4 : Blocks
71 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'decline' in the phrase '...to decline by 6-8% by 2050...'?
1 : Increase
2 : Spread
3 : Decrease
4 : Stabilize
72 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'projected' in the phrase '...are projected to decline...'?
1 : Ignored
2 : Predicted
3 : Hidden
4 : Avoided
73 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'degradation' in the phrase '...and the degradation of ecosystems.'?
1 : Recovery
2 : Improvement
3 : Deterioration
4 : Expansion
74 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'launched' in the phrase 'Pakistan has launched the Mangrove Rehabilitation Project...'?
1 : Canceled
2 : Concluded
3 : Started
4 : Rejected
75 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'habitats' in the phrase '...disrupting natural habitats...'?
1 : Human settlements
2 : Natural environments
3 : Artificial zones
4 : Factories
76 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'relies' in the phrase '...Pakistan, which relies heavily on its natural resources...'?
1 : Ignores
2 : Depends
3 : Attacks
4 : Produces
77 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'annually' in the phrase '...losing approximately 43,000 hectares of forest annually...'?
1 : Monthly
2 : Occasionally
3 : Yearly
4 : Suddenly
78 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'deforestation'?
1 : Tree planting
2 : River diversion
3 : Forest cutting
4 : Wildlife migration
79 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'initiated' in the phrase '...Pakistan has initiated the Protected Areas Initiative...'?
1 : Delayed
2 : Rejected
3 : Launched
4 : Cancelled
80 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'counter' in the phrase '...to counter these trends...'?
1 : Support
2 : Encourage
3 : Fight
4 : Ignore
81 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'conserve' in the phrase '...which aims to conserve critical habitats...'?
1 : Destroy
2 : Exploit
3 : Preserve
4 : Ignore
82 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'endangered' in the phrase '...endangered species...'?
1 : Dangerous
2 : Rare
3 : Safe
4 : At risk
83 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'restoring' in the phrase '...and restoring degraded ecosystems.'?
1 : Damaging
2 : Repairing
3 : Neglecting
4 : Selling
84 : Which of the following is a synonym for 'expanding' in the phrase '...by expanding protected areas...'?
1 : Shrinking
2 : Increasing
3 : Closing
4 : Hiding
85 : What is the main focus of SDG 13?
1 : Education
2 : Climate
3 : Health
4 : Industry
86 : Which word best describes Pakistan's landscape?
1 : Uniform
2 : Diverse
3 : Arid
4 : Flat
87 : Financial and technical difficulties primarily… Pakistan's climate response.
1 : Support
2 : Hinder
3 : Strengthen
4 : Ignore
88 : What major environmental phenomenon is causing a rise in Pakistan's average temperatures?
1 : Deforestation
2 : Urbanization
3 : Emissions
4 : Mining
89 : Climate change effects are ___ by Pakistan's urban growth.
1 : Reduced
2 : Ignored
3 : Compounded
4 : Minimized
90 : What quality of urban areas leads them to trap more heat?
1 : Sparseness
2 : Denseness
3 : Openness
4 : Emptiness
91 : What type of development has not kept pace with city growth in Pakistan?
1 : Agricultural
2 : Cultural
3 : Infrastructure
4 : Educational
92 : Which word best captures the pattern of heatwaves described?
1 : Rare
2 : Sporadic
3 : Frequent
4 : Random
93 : What human activity is mentioned as worsening heat effects locally?
1 : Fishing
2 : Farming
3 : Urbanization
4 : Logging
94 : Where are the effects of rising temperatures most intense in Pakistan?
1 : Villages
2 : Forests
3 : Deserts
4 : Cities
95 : Urban heat islands retain more:
1 : Water
2 : Heat
3 : Air
4 : Wind
96 : Which Pakistani cities are mentioned as facing rapid urbanization?
1 : Multan and Faisalabad
2 : Lahore and Karachi
3 : Islamabad and Peshawar
4 : Hyderabad and Quetta
97 : Glacial melt is primarily related to which natural phenomenon?
1 : Rainfall
2 : Snow
3 : Earthquake
4 : Wind
98 : The primary cause of increasing pressure on Pakistan's infrastructure is its:
1 : Economy
2 : Geography
3 : Population
4 : Agriculture
99 : Which of the following is not directly mentioned as a climate-related threat to Pakistan?
1 : Sea-level rise
2 : Extreme heat
3 : Tornadoes
4 : Flooding
100 : What type of disasters are intensified by inadequate infrastructure?
1 : Industrial
2 : Climate-induced
3 : Biological
4 : Technological
101 : What term is used for events like heatwaves and flooding?
1 : Festivals
2 : Disasters
3 : Innovations
4 : Celebrations
102 : What factor among the following is directly linked to glacial melt?
1 : Urbanization
2 : Agriculture
3 : Geography
4 : Industry
103 : Which sector in Pakistan is especially sensitive to climate change?
1 : Technology
2 : Agriculture
3 : Tourism
4 : Manufacturing
104 : Greenhouse gases cause which environmental problem?
1 : Cooling
2 : Deforestation
3 : Warming
4 : Erosion
105 : What worsens Pakistan's ability to handle climate change?
1 : Geography
2 : Urbanization
3 : Resources
4 : Population
106 : Which natural layer is impacted by greenhouse gases?
1 : Lithosphere
2 : Atmosphere
3 : Hydrosphere
4 : Biosphere
107 : Which Pakistani city is specifically mentioned in relation to heatwaves?
1 : Lahore
2 : Karachi
3 : Islamabad
4 : Peshawars
108 : The trapping of heat in Earth's atmosphere is due to:
1 : Icecaps
2 : Emissions
3 : Winds
4 : Volcanoes
109 : What type of risks does Pakistan's geographic diversity expose it to?
1 : Economic
2 : Political
3 : Climate
4 : Social
110 : What is the data source for the temperature records from 1901-2020?
1 : UNDP
2 : World Bank
3 : ADB
4 : IMF
111 : Which city recorded a temperature of 51°C in 2022?
1 : Lahore
2 : Jacobabad
3 : Multan
4 : Islamabad
112 : What extreme event in Karachi led to over 1,200 deaths?
1 : Flood
2 : Heatwave
3 : Earthquake
4 : Storm
113 : Frequent and intense heatwaves are described as becoming:
1 : Rarer
2 : Stronger
3 : Milder
4 : River banks
114 : What is the main cause of increased heatwaves according to the passage?
1 : Ozone
2 : Desertification
3 : Greenhouse
4 : Deforestation
115 : Which process refers to Pakistan adjusting to climate impacts?
1 : Resisting
2 : Ignoring
3 : Adapting
4 : Exaggerating
116 : The term "urban heat island" relates most closely to:
1 : Rural regions
2 : Forest clearings
3 : City centers
4 : Shorter
117 : What local phenomenon worsens the impact of rising temperatures in cities?
1 : Deforestation
2 : Mining
3 : Heat islands
4 : River floods
118 : The rise in Pakistan's temperatures is linked globally to:
